Burner.



kNITED STATES PATENT Friar..

WILLIAM R. .IEVONS, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 662,942, dated December 4, 1900.

Application filed December 16g 1898. Serial No. 699,457. (No model.)

To @ZZ wtOr/t t petty concern:

Be it knownthat LWILLIAM R. J EAvoNs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Burners; and I do declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to the class of burners using hydrocarbon or other volatile oils and having a trough for the reception and distribution of vapor and perforated tubes forming a chamber into which the vapor from the trough passes for combustion.

To these ends the'invention consists in the construction, combination, and arrangement of parts whereby an improved distribution of vapor is obtained, especially in the maintenance of a low dame, and whereby the burner may be initially heated quickly and with less odor than the older forms and whereby other advantages are obtained, all substantially as hereinafter described, and particularly point-- ed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical central sectional elevation of my improved burner; and Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a section of the perforated cover which spansthe burner-trough, so as to leaveA a vapor-chamber beneath the cover.

Referring to the drawings, A is a combined oil and vapor trough into which the oil is fed by the supply-pipe a and in which the generated vapor is adapted to travel, so as to distribute itself evenly in the trough and sustain an even combustion all around. A perforated member B spans the trough A from side to side, being supported on the seats a. ct, formed on the upper edges of said trough. This perforated member is a separate and removable piece and is formed with horizontal portions b l?, which serve as seats for the perforated tubes C D, and also with a depressed portion b', which serves to support the lighting-ring F above theV bottom of the trough A and from displacement laterally. The member B, it will be seen, forms, in substance, a partition, dividing the space across at the base of the combustion-chamber and forming an inclosed vapor-chamber beneath it and at the -both Figs. l and 2.

same time forming a basket or support for the lighting-ring. The lighting-ring in this case is a strip of` asbestos paper bent and joined at its ends; but any suitable lighting device or wick may be used.

The perforations in the partition B should be so arranged that the oil Aflowing into the trough A may reach the lighting-ring at the' earliest possible momentand also that the vaporgenerated in the trough after the burner is heated may escape evenly to the combustion-chamber at all points. The arrangement shown accomplishes these objects, the perforations b2 being disposed around the bottom portion of the depression -b permitting oil to reach the lighting-ring directly from below and the perforations b3 formed at the upper part of the depression permitting vapor from the vapor-chamber to escape to the combustion-chamber. These perfo rations are placed at intervals around the burner, as shown in It may be observed that the size and arrangement of the said perforations may be varied without departing from the spirit of the invention. The lighting-ring in this case projects upward to a higher point than is usual in this class of burners, thereby exposing its top to closer proximity to the flame in the combustion-chamber, and the eect of this is similar to turning up the wick in an ordinary wick-stove, causing more combustion of the oil and a quicker heating of the parts than occur when the top of the lighting-ring is lower.

With the burner heated and the oil supplied through a valve which is usual in this class of devices and regulated to small volume the oil is all vaporized in the trough A below the partition B, and the oil under these conditions not coming in contact with the lighting-ring the flame is not influenced by unequal vaporization that may occur thereon by reason of inequalities in its structure. Thus in the operation of the above-described parts oil is admitted through the feed-pipe a into the trough A. On reaching the level of the base of the ring F some of the oil is 'quickly carried by capillary action lo the top of the ring and lighted at this point, and the trough A and parts become quickly heated to a vaporizing temperature, and vapor accumulating in the trough will escape through IOO the perforations b5 evenly at all points of the burner. With a diminished supply of' oil the oil-level in the trough will belowered by vapor-ization until there will be but little oil therein, or under some conditions the oil may all be vaporized in the feed-pipe. With very slow feed of oil by reason of the perforated member B the small Volume of vapor generated will be evenly distributed alll around the burner.

For inducing a larger initial dame, and consequently a quicker initial heating, an airduct G is arranged to communicate with the trough A below the partition B. In this instance the said d uct communicates with the l trough througha portion of the feed-pipe a,

the duct G into the vapor chamber and through the perforations b3 to support combustion about and close to the lighting-ring on a lower plane than would occur without this duct, thus greatly lessening the time of initial heating of the burner as compared with structures that have no provisions for air-supply. As the burner becomes heated the duct G also heats, but somewhat slower nthan the burner, and when it is thoroughly heated a tendency to upward draft is induced within it, which acts to balance the downward draft induced by the combustion-chamber, and so practically shuts off the supply of air to the vaporachamber. f

The dense vapor present in the vapor-chamber after the burner. is heated also forms a barrier in some degree against the entrance of air through the duct G.

The perforated member B, loosely resting on the seats formed on the edges of trough A, permits of its ready removal, thus affording access to the trough for cleaning out any deposit left bythe continued vaporization of the oil.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the trough A as arranged not only serves as an oil and vapor trough, but while the burner is heating it also serves as an air-chamber for supplying air directly to the lighting-ring through the perforations in member B. It will be seen also that while the dow of air to this air-chamber may be diminished or stopped the supply of air to the combustionchamber is not materially affected thereby,

but remains ofsubstantially constant volume.

The construction herein described may be considerably modied without departing from the spirit of the invention. In this connection, however, it should be understood that I do not in this application broadly claim a vapor-trough and a-lighting-ring therein with its upper portion apartfrom the sides of the trough, whereby vapor-spaces are formed between the trough .and the sides of said ring, as these elements constitute part of the subjectmatter of my priorapplication,Serial No. 673,045, filed March 8, 1898.

What'l claim isl. In a burner, an oil and vapor trough and a feed-pipe therefor, a perforated member or partition extending across the trough and having a depressed portion for the recept-ion of the lighting ring or wick, substantially as described.

2. In a burner, perforated tubes forming a combustion-chamber, an oil and vapor trough below said chamber and a perforated partition extending across said' trough and constructed to support a lightingfring, substan tiallykas described.

3. Perforated tubes forming a combustionchamber, an oil and vapor trough below said chamber and an oil-feed pipe communicating therewith, a perforated partition supported above the bottom of the said oil and vapor trough, and having a trough-shaped depression for the reception of a lighting ring or wick, substantially as described.

4. An oil and vapor trough and a perforatedpartition extended across the said trough and forming with said trough an inclosed vapordistributing chamber between them, and the said partition having a depressed portion to receive a lighting-ring, substantially as described.

` 5. Perforated tubes forming a lcombustionchamber, a perforated member or partition having seats for the said tubes and formed with a depressed portion for a lighting ring or wick, and Van oil-trough below said perforated member and forming therewith an inclosed vapor-distributing chamber, and an oil-supply for said trough, substantially as described.

6. Perforated tubes forming a combustionchamber, an oil and vapor trough below said chamber and an oil-supply therefor, `a inember spanning the trough and formed with a trough-shaped depression, a lighting-ring in the said depression, and openings through IOO IIO

aboveits bottom and forming an inclosed vapor-distributing chamber between said parts, perforated tubes forming a combustion-chamber and an oil-supply for said trough, substantially as described.

9. Perforated tubes forming a combustionscafi/Ie chamber, an oil and vapor trough below said chamber, a perforated partition arranged across said trough to form an inclosed chamber therewith, a lighting-ring, means for supplying air to said inclosed chamber, and means for supplying oil to said lighting-ring, substantially as described.

l0. An oil and vapor trough, a perforated partition above the bottom of said trough adapted to support the lighting-ring and forming With said trough an inclosed chamber, an air-duct communicating with said chamber and extending to a higher plane, whereby on the heating of the parts aud duct the draft condition of said duct will be adverse to the flow of air to said inclosed chamber, substantially as described.

1l. An oil and vapor trough, a perforated partition above the bottom of said trough adapted to support the lightingring and forming With said trough an inclosed chamber, an air-duct communicating with said chamber having its air-entrance ata higher plane than the body of the duct, whereby on the heating of the parts and duct the draft condition of said duct Will be adverse to the iloW of air lo said inclosed chamber, a lighting-ring, and means to supply oil thereto, substantially as described.

l2. Perforated tubes forming a combustionchamber, said chamber having air-supply of substantially constant volume, a lighting device and a holder therefor constructed and arranged to provide air-inlet openings in close proximity to said lighting device, a Wall forming an air-supply chamber about said openings, meansfor diminishing or stopping the flow of air to said air-chamber and means for supplying oil to said lighting device, substantially as described.

13. Perforated tubes formingacombustionchamber, a lighting device and a holder therefor constructed and arranged to provide airinlet openings in close proximity to said lighting device, a wall forming an air-supply chamber about said openings, means for automatically diminishing the ow of air to said airchamber relative to the heat of the combustion-chamber and means for supplying oil to said lighting device, substantially as described.

111-.. Perforated tubesformingacombustionchalnber, a lighting device and a holder therefor constructed and arranged to provide airinlet openings in close proximity to said lighting device, a Wall forming an air-chamber about said openings, means for automatically diminishing the iioW of air to said air-chamber upon the heating of the parts, and means for supplying oil to said lighting device, substantially as described.

Witness my hand to the foregoing specification this lith day of December, 1898.

WILLIAM R. JEAvoNs.

Witnesses:

H. T. FISHER, R. B. MOSER. 

